{"id":1486,"date":"2020-10-26T18:03:23","date_gmt":"2020-10-26T18:03:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/phwwhocc.co.uk\/whiasu\/what-is-hia\/"},"modified":"2020-10-26T18:27:04","modified_gmt":"2020-10-26T18:27:04","slug":"beth-yw-hia","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/icccgsib.co.uk\/whiasu\/beth-yw-hia\/","title":{"rendered":"Beth yw HIA"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Derbynnir Consensws Gothenburg Canolfan Polisi Iechyd Ewrop (1999) yn gyffredinol fel y diffiniad arloesol o Asesiad o\u2019r Effaith ar Iechyd ac mae\u2019n ei ddiffinio fel:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u2018Cyfuniad o weithdrefnau, dulliau ac offer y gellir eu defnyddio i farnu effeithiau posibl polisi, rhaglen neu brosiect ar iechyd poblogaeth, a dosbarthiad yr effeithiau hynny yn y boblogaeth honno.\u2019<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fodd bynnag, mae diffiniadau eraill wedi\u2019u cynnig yn ddiweddar (Elliott ac eraill 2010) wrth i\u2019r arfer o ddefnyddio HIA ddatblygu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8216;\u2026 proses lle mae tystiolaeth (o wahanol fathau), diddordebau, gwerthoedd ac ystyron yn cael eu dwyn i ddeialog rhwng rhanddeiliaid perthnasol (gwleidyddion, pobl broffesiynol a dinasyddion) er mwyn deall a rhagweld yn ddychmygus effeithiau newid ar iechyd ac anghydraddoldebau iechyd mewn poblogaeth benodol&#8217;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mae asesu\u2019r effaith ar iechyd yn darparu fframwaith systematig ond hyblyg ac ymarferol y gellir ei ddefnyddio i ystyried effeithiau ehangach polis\u00efau neu fentrau lleol a chenedlaethol a sut y gallen nhw, yn eu tro, effeithio ar iechyd pobl. Mae asesu\u2019r effaith ar iechyd yn gweithio orau pan fydd yn cynnwys pobl a sefydliadau sy&#8217;n gallu cyfrannu gwahanol fathau o wybodaeth a safbwyntiau perthnasol. Mae\u2019r wybodaeth yn cael ei defnyddio i gynnwys mesurau sy&#8217;n cyflwyno&#8217;r cyfleoedd gorau ar gyfer iechyd a chyn lleied o beryglon \u00e2 phosib. Mae hefyd yn cynnig ffordd o fynd i&#8217;r afael ag anghydraddoldebau iechyd sy&#8217;n parhau i fodoli yng Nghymru.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mae tri phrif fath o HIA:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Darpar HIA<\/strong> \u2013 ar ddechrau datblygiad prosiect, cynnig neu gynllun.<\/li><li><strong>HIA Cyfredol <\/strong>\u2013 a gynhelir wrth i\u2019r prosiect (neu bolisi) gael ei gyflwyno.<\/li><li><strong>HIA \u00d4l-weithredol<\/strong> \u2013 sy\u2019n asesu effaith prosiect neu bolisi presennol a gellir ei ddefnyddio fel dull gwerthuso. Gellir cynnal asesiadau \u00f4l-weithredol hefyd o ddigwyddiadau dirybudd, fel ffordd o ddysgu gwersi ar gyfer digwyddiadau tebyg yn y dyfodol.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Gellir cynnal unrhyw un o\u2019r HIA uchod mewn un o dri dull gwahanol, yn \u00f4l y ffocws a\u2019r amser ac adnoddau sydd ar gael:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Gall ymarfer HIA<\/strong> Pen Desg gymryd oriau neu ddiwrnod i\u2019w gwblhau a gall ymgorffori nifer fach o gyfranogwyr o amgylch bwrdd gan ddefnyddio gwybodaeth a thystiolaeth bresennol i asesu cynnig, polisi neu gynllun.<\/li><li>Gall gymryd dyddiau neu wythnosau i gynnal <strong>HIA Cyflym<\/strong> ac fel arfer mae\u2019n cynnwys sefydlu gr\u0175p llywio bychan ac mae\u2019n aml yn defnyddio gweithdy cyfranogol i randdeiliaid &#8211; mae fel arfer yn cynnwys ymchwiliad byr o\u2019r effeithiau ar iechyd, gan gynnwys adolygiad llenyddiaeth byr o dystiolaeth feintiol ac ansoddol a chasglu gwybodaeth a thystiolaeth bellach gan nifer o randdeiliaid lleol.<\/li><li>Mae <strong>HIA Cynhwysfawr<\/strong> yn fwy manwl a gall gymryd misoedd i\u2019w cwblhau. Gallant fod yn llafurus o ran amser, yn gostus iawn, mae\u2019n bosibl y bydd angen chwiliadau helaeth drwy lenyddiaeth a chasglu data sylfaenol. Mae\u2019r math hwn o HIA yn fwy addas ar gyfer cynigion mwy cymhleth.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>I gael rhagor o wybodaeth darllenwch <a href=\"http:\/\/www.wales.nhs.uk\/sites3\/Documents\/522\/Whiasu%20Guidance%20Report%20%28Welsh%29%20WEB.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u2018HIA: Canllaw ymarferol&#8217;.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ffynonellau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Elliott E, Harrop E, a Williams GH (2010) Contesting the science: public health knowledge and action in controversial land-use developments, yn P. Bennett, K Calman, S Curtis a D Fischbacher-Smith (gol) Risk Communication and Public Health (ail argraffiad), Rhydychen: Gwasg Prifysgol Rhydychen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Canolfan Polisi Iechyd Ewrop (1999) Health Impact Assessment: Main concepts and suggested approach (Gothenburg Consensus), Brwsel: Canolfan Polisi Iechyd Ewrop.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Derbynnir Consensws Gothenburg Canolfan Polisi Iechyd Ewrop (1999) yn gyffredinol fel y diffiniad arloesol o Asesiad o\u2019r Effaith ar Iechyd ac mae\u2019n ei ddiffinio fel: \u2018Cyfuniad o weithdrefnau, dulliau ac offer y gellir eu defnyddio i farnu effeithiau posibl polisi, rhaglen neu brosiect ar iechyd poblogaeth, a dosbarthiad yr effeithiau hynny yn y boblogaeth honno.\u2019 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":123,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1486","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.2 - 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